I agree with Smax that a separate data partition and a backup partition on the same drive will not do the job. The idea of a separate data partition is good, you can do the same thing with simply setting up a Data folder and then sub-folders for the programs or data type from that. Then you simply back up the data folder. I have this basic structure as below:
Now mine obviously is not on my C: drive, and there are other first level folders, but you get the idea. This solves the problem of what do you do if you set the data partition too small and run out of room.
For the back up to be effective, it must be physically separate from the original files. If you had the capability that many Corporations do, you would even remove the backup to a separate location. That is part of their disaster preparation. If you want a good example, think Galveston, Tx. If a small business or person had the backup physically in the same computer, they would have to take the computer or lose everything. An external drive or flash drive if the data files are small enough, can easily be grabbed and carried with you. If the HD encounters a physical crash, everything on that drive is gone, unless you want to spend large dollars for a pro to recover them.
A good procedure would be to back up to a very small external drive, something like the WD Passport, and do that on a weekly basis. Then take the drive with you and put it in a safe deposit box. The nice thing about those small external drives based on notebook drives, is they only need a USB connection. And they will fit easily in a SD box, even the smallest. This is real handy if the bank is handy.
Thanks to Solar Wings for the special siggy.